Плуто́н — крупнейшая известная карликовая планета Солнечной системы, транснептуновый объект и десятое по массе небесное тело, обращающееся вокруг Солнца — после восьми планет и Эриды. Первоначально Плутон считали планетой, но сейчас он считается карликовой планетой и крупнейшим объектом пояса Койпер
Период обращения: 248 лет
Радиус: 1 188,3 км
Открытие: 18 февраля 1930 г.
Перигелий: 29,667 а. е.
Эксцентриситет орбиты (e): 0,2488273
Pluto (minor planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond Neptune. It was the first Kuiper belt object to be discovered and is the largest known plutoid (or ice dwarf)
It is the ninth-largest and tenth-most-massive known object directly orbiting the Sun. It is the largest known trans-Neptunian object by volume but is less massive than Eris. Like other Kuiper belt objects, Pluto is primarily made of ice and rock and is relatively small—about one-sixth the mass of the Moon and one-third its volume. It has a moderately eccentric and inclined orbit during which it ranges from 30 to 49 astronomical units or AU (4.4–7.4 billion km) from the Sun. This means that Pluto periodically comes closer to the Sun than Neptune, but a stable orbital resonance with Neptune prevents them from colliding. Light from the Sun takes about 5.5 hours to reach Pluto at its average distance (39.5 AU).
Mean radius
| |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flattening | <1%[6] | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Volume |
| ||||||||
| Mass | |||||||||
Mean density
| 1.854±0.006 g/cm3[4][6] | ||||||||
| 1.212 km/s[f] | |||||||||
Sidereal rotation period
|
| ||||||||
Equatorial rotation velocity
| 47.18 km/h | ||||||||
| 122.53° (to orbit)[1] | |||||||||
North pole right ascension
| 132.993°[7] | ||||||||
North pole declination
| −6.163°[7] | ||||||||
| Albedo | 0.49 to 0.66 (geometric, varies by 35%)[1][8] | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| 13.65[1] to 16.3[9] (mean is 15.1)[1] | |||||||||
| −0.7[10] | |||||||||
| 0.06″ to 0.11″[1][g] | |||||||||
| Atmosphere | |||||||||
Surface pressure
| 1.0 Pa (2015)[6][12] | ||||||||
| Composition by volume | Nitrogen, methane, carbon monoxide[11] | ||||||||
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